Mushrooms in the Voronezh region differ in yield. Collecting them is extremely popular among locals and visitors. Go along a simple route and collect a basket of delicious gifts of the forest, which will be representatives of the Kingdom of Mushrooms, if you know where and what to look for.
Mushroom Map of Voronezh Region
Features of the Voronezh region
The region is located in the southeast of the country. There are relatively hot summers and moderately cold winters. This creates favorable conditions for the growth of fungi. Mushroom pickers are attracted by the abundance of water bodies and forest plantations near them. There are also many swampy places in which they are also looking for tasty trophies.
The map for collecting mushrooms in the Voronezh region covers different types of forests, meadows, artificially created forest belts. Depending on the terrain chosen, a typical set of trophies should be expected. Some types of mushrooms are more likely to be found in wet, swampy soil, while others are more likely to be found in deciduous forests or on sand in pine forests. In order not to be mistaken with the place, it is imperative to find out in advance about the types of soils characteristic of the area and the types of mushrooms attached to them.
Unfortunately, the map of mushroom spots in the city of Voronezh leaves much to be desired. It is not recommended to collect even edible species within the city limits: poisoning with toxic substances from the mycelium of fruit bodies cannot be avoided, because Voronezh is a large industrial center.
Available types of mushrooms
Taking into account the peculiarities of the region, we have created an approximate list of available species.
Types of edible mushrooms in the Voronezh region:
- Chanterelles.
- Honey mushrooms.
- Butterlets.
- Pigs.
- White mushroom.
- Rows.
- Zelenushki.
- Aspen mushrooms.
- Boletus.
- Russula.
Not all of the listed species are presented in summer or spring. Such an all-season "hunt" is the lot of experienced mushroom pickers: they know well the proven places. It is better for beginners to pick mushrooms in the fall: then you definitely will not have to leave the forest empty-handed.
What species grow in autumn
Mushroom pickers need to remember that mushroom and real calendars do not match. The autumn period for mushroom picking begins in mid-August and lasts until the end of October.
Autumn mushrooms of the Voronezh region:
- Butterlets.
- Chanterelles.
- Aspen mushrooms.
- Boletus.
- Russula.
- Rowing.
- White mushrooms.
The above species are classified as early autumn. The period of their active growth is from the second half of August to the end of September. Some species are found up to the first frost.
Poisonous mushrooms
Mushrooms can cause severe poisoning
Most of the inedible mushrooms are poisonous and cause poisoning. It is necessary to know not only their names, but also their distinctive features. Inedible mushrooms in the Voronezh region:
- False mushrooms.
- Thin and fat pig.
- Pepper oils.
- False white.
- Death cap.
Descriptions of safe and dangerous types of mushrooms often have similar details. It is better to print out and take with you a memo so as not to collect poisonous forest mushrooms. A detailed description (not just a title) can save lives. You can not neglect and re-sorting the collected trophies already at home. The initial inspection of the harvested fruiting body should be carried out immediately at the collection site. If you doubt that this specimen belongs to the edible species, it is better to use the first rule of the mushroom picker: "If you are not familiar with the mushroom or you doubt it, do not pick it up, pass by."
Among forest gifts, conditionally edible types of mushrooms are also distinguished. They are collected, however, before use, they must be soaked for several days, changing the water. This group does not differ in high taste, therefore such mushrooms are rolled up or pickled.
Where to pick mushrooms
It is better to go to picking mushrooms in the suburbs: there are fewer soil-poisoning toxins released into the air. Forest mushrooms are collected only in proven and familiar places. Local people speak about them, they already know all the fertile places. They will suggest the name of the route and recommend what to collect.
Mushroom picking is strictly prohibited in nature reserves and park areas. Mushroom places in the Voronezh region also cover the territory of the forestry. The Voronezh community of hunters and fishermen is engaged in the protection of human rights and nature.
Forestry territory
In the Somovskoye forestry, mushrooms grow in the north of the railway, as well as in the east, not far from the villages of Dubovka and Sinitsino, the village of Orlovo and the Grafskoye railway station.
All edible mushrooms of the Voronezh region are represented in the Levoberezhnoye forestry. There is a favorable place for the growth of the following species:
- White mushroom.
- Honey mushrooms.
- Rows.
- Zelenushki.
- Aspen mushrooms.
- Boletus.
This diversity is due to the moist soil of the mixed pine forest, good ecology. Russula are found in the area of the sanatorium. Tsyurupa.
Novousmanskoe forestry is rich in porcini mushrooms. They begin to grow already in May, so the flow of mushroom pickers begins long before autumn. Most go for delicious dried porcini mushrooms. Also on the territory there are large glades with boletus.
In the Semilukskoye forestry, mushrooms and boletus are collected. This is done in villages and towns near the forest:
- Malaya Pokrovka;
- Fedorovka;
- Medovka;
- Yamnoe;
- Andreevka.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
When they say "forestry" or "reserve" - everything seems simple, but here is "biosphere reserve" ... What is it really? Let's just get to know these important environmental concepts:
- Forestry: a territorial production unit in forestry, which is part of the forestry enterprises. It is engaged in reforestation and afforestation, maintenance of forest crops, allotment of cutting areas, protection of forests and their use. Often in forestries, work is carried out to drain swampy forests, afforestation of sands, steep slopes and ravines.
- Biosphere Reserve, or biosphere reserve: protected, most characteristic reference area of the biosphere in various geographic regions of the world. Changes in the natural environment are constantly monitored on its territory. The biosphere reserve is characterized by the following zoned structure:
- "Core" - a completely protected area;
- "Buffer zone" - the territory that protects the "core" from anthropogenic influences;
- ecosystem restoration zone with regulated economic activities;
- a zone of economic use, where economic activities typical of the region are carried out.
By the way. For biosphere reserves, they usually use the territories of reserves, national parks and other protected areas.
In the Grafsky Reserve, in addition to the usual honey agarics and chanterelles, they collect Polish mushrooms and mushrooms. For your information. The official name of this reserve is as follows: Voronezh State Biosphere Reserve named after V.M. Peskov. On the territory of the reserve there are the following types of mushrooms included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation:
- coral hericium;
- blue gyropore;
- branched griffin (ram mushroom);
- chestnut mushroom;
- the cobweb is purple;
- pistil horned;
- curly sparassis.
What forests and forests to go to
Ordinary forests are no less rich in mushrooms. They occupy 8.4% of the total area of the region, so there are enough mushrooms for everyone. Boletus, mushrooms, chanterelles are looking for on the territories of Tellermanovskaya grove and Novokhopersky forestry enterprise.
The types of mushrooms that can be called "conifers" because of their confinement are found in pine plantations. The most famous and extensive is Usmansky Bor. In the Cretaceous pine forest between the villages of Nizhniy Karabut and Dukhovoye, they are collecting white-haired and boletus.
Many honey agarics are collected in Khrenovsky pine forest, including winter species. Mushroom pickers love winter "hunting", because during this period only true mushrooms grow. Mushrooms typical for deciduous plantations grow in the Thorn Forest.
On the edges of ravines, on the slopes of oak gully plantations, a porcini mushroom often grows. In the floodplain meadows, mushrooms are abundant in early autumn.
Conclusion
Various types of mushrooms are found in the region. Due to the abundance of mixed forests, meadows and rivers, almost all edible fruit bodies of representatives of different species are collected. To protect their lives and the lives of loved ones, mushroom pickers are simply obliged to take a responsible approach to collecting mushrooms and distinguishing poisonous from safe ones. The harvest is harvested in the territories of forestry. Also, the nearest suburb or plantations remote from the city with a favorable ecological situation will do.