It is impossible to unambiguously determine the best variety of potatoes: each species has its own distinctive features. So, some varieties are distinguished by a quick ripening period, others give a better harvest, others can be stored longer than others. When choosing a potato variety for planting, you should focus on the main criterion, which is the most important for the farmer.
The main rules and recommendations when choosing a variety for planting
When choosing a variety of vegetables for planting, you should pay attention to various criteria. These include the following:
- Freshness of planting material. Varieties of root crops have the peculiarity of degenerating, therefore, none of them retains high productivity for many years. Varieties usually degenerate in 10-15 years.
- Geographic location. When choosing the type of potato for planting, you need to consider the geographical region. So, some varieties give good harvests in the southern part of Russia, and in the middle zone and the northern part they grow poorly; others, on the contrary, endure low temperatures and are not at all adapted to the conditions of a hot climate.
- Susceptibility to pest attacks and diseasestypical for nightshade crops. For a particular area, its own pests and diseases that affect nightshade crops are characteristic. That is why when choosing a variety you need to choose one of them that is characterized by resistance to certain parasites and diseases.
- Origin. Now not only domestic but also foreign varieties of potatoes are planted. Some people do not accept the taste of unusual foreign types of potatoes, so this factor also needs to be taken into account.
The taste qualities of the vegetable and its digestibility are also important. According to this criterion, the following types of varieties are distinguished:
- Type A. Potatoes do not boil. Tubers are suitable for first courses and salads.
- Type B. Tubers boil poorly, crack a little. This type of potato is used for soups and frying, as well as chips.
- Type C. Potatoes of this type are highly boiled. Tubers are used for cooking and deep-fried, for mashed potatoes.
- Type D. These varieties are only suitable for mashed potatoes and casseroles.
Having decided on the optimal set of characteristics, you can choose the right sort of potato among their variety.
Optimal varieties of potatoes for specific regions of Russia
In the process of determining the best variety of vegetables for planting, you need to take into account the characteristics of the region in which it will grow.
Northern region
For the northern region (Murmansk and Arkhangelsk regions, the republics of Komi and Karelia) it is not easy, but possible, to choose a suitable potato variety. In harsh climates, the following varieties are able to produce many tubers:
- Nevsky. This type of potato is medium early. It is frost-resistant, well preserved, gives large vegetables. The usual weight of a tuber is 100 g. Maturation occurs after 80-90 days.
- Aurora. The variety is characterized by an average degree of maturity. It gives good productivity: about 350 centners of potato are harvested per hectare. The weight of a tuber is from 95 to 130 g. Aurora potatoes have excellent taste, good keeping quality, and are resistant to most diseases that affect nightshade.
- Gloria. This is an early ripening variety. The tubers are medium in size, each weighing between 80-130 g. From one hectare, up to 415 centners of vegetables are harvested. Gloria is resistant to nematodes and potato cancer.
Potato variety Nevsky
Potato Variety Aurora
Potato Gloria
The middle strip of Russia
For planting within the middle zone of Russia, that is, the Central European part of the country, where the temperate continental climate prevails and excessive humidity is observed, the following varieties are best suited:
- Bellarosa. Tubers are ready for harvest in 50-60 days. The weight of one tuber is from 120 to 210 g. The plant is resistant to golden nematode and cancer, unpretentious to soils: it can be grown in any land except clay. Bellarosa tolerates drought, is well stored.
- Favorite. This variety belongs to mid-season varieties. Potatoes ripen in 70-90 days. The weight of one tuber is 90-125 g. This variety tolerates spring low temperatures well, giving a generous harvest. It is resistant to late blight and various viruses.
- Zarnitsa. The indicated potato variety is late ripe. Tubers ripen in 120-140 days. The weight of one tuber will be 160 g. This variety is resistant to drought, unpretentious to the type of soil. Zarnitsa is resistant to nematode, cancer, scab.
Potato variety Bellarosa
Potato variety Lyubimets
Potato variety Zarnitsa
Moscow region
For Moscow region, the optimal types of potatoes grown on open soil are early and medium early varieties, since the climate of this territory does not provide for a long warm period.
For the suburbs, you should choose one of the following varieties:
- Spring. This variety belongs to the group of early high-yielding. The tubers are well stored, not susceptible to spotted rot, late blight. Potato has a rich taste, on its basis you can cook any dish.
- Vineta. Early ripening drought resistant potato variety. Tubers ripen in 75 days. From one bush you can collect 10-12 potatoes, each weighing 75-85 g.
- Luck. It is also an early ripe variety, ideal for the climatic conditions of the Moscow region. Potato tubers ripen in approximately 75 days. One nest produces up to 15 potatoes on average. The vegetable has excellent taste, is well and long stored, is not demanding in care.
Potato variety Spring
Potato Variety Vineta
Potato Variety Good Luck
Ural
The Ural region is known for its harsh climate. Only 30 varieties of potatoes can grow in these areas, with most of them being early ripe. Late ripe vegetables do not have time to ripen in harsh climatic conditions.
For the Urals, such varieties are suitable as:
- Agnes. The ripening period is 81-87 days. The weight of each tuber is from 105 to 155 g. This variety is characterized by increased susceptibility to diseases from which the crop deteriorates.
- Lyubava. This is a potato belonging to early ripening varieties. It resists many potato diseases, but is susceptible to nematode and cancer. Ripening periods - not more than 70 days. The tubers of the Lyubava variety are large - each of them reaches a weight of 130 to 200 g. It is stored for a long time, does not give sprouts.
- Nikulinsky. Potatoes are mid-season. Ripening period is 120-125 days. The weight of each tuber is from 80 to 125 g. The variety is characterized by regular productivity and immunity to many diseases.
Agnes potato variety
Potato variety Lyubava
Potato variety Nikulinsky
Siberia
For Siberia, with its harsh climate, special potato varieties are needed for cultivation. Here, mainly early, mid-early and mid-ripening varieties are planted.
Most often in Siberia, potatoes of the Malamur variety are grown, which is the best among the early ones. Harvest ripens in 77-87 days. Each tuber has a weight of 125-145 g. Potatoes of this variety are particularly susceptible to the golden nematode.
Cold-resistant potato varieties are listed in this article.
The best varieties of productivity
According to the yield criterion, the best varieties of potatoes are the following:
- Giant. This is a mid-season variety. The weight of one tuber is 140 g. The maximum yield of Velikan potato, which can be collected from 1 hectare, is 600 centners. Tubers have good taste, are well stored, resistant to cancer, late blight, twisting of leaves.
- Arizona. Potatoes of this kind have an average ripening period. The maximum yield is up to 570 centners per hectare. Each tuber has a weight of 145 g. The variety is characterized by resistance to nematode and cancer.
- Artemis. This variety belongs to the group of early ripe. It is resistant to most common diseases. If potatoes were planted in the southern regions, there is the possibility of obtaining two crops in one season. Productivity per hectare is up to 350 centners. The weight of tubers is 110-120 g.
- Bryansk novelty. This is a mid-season potato variety that is resistant to many nightshade diseases. The maximum yield is 536 centners per hectare, on average - about 300 centners. The mass of one mature tuber is from 66 to 122 g.
- Bernina. This is the most productive variety. The maximum potato harvest is 704 centners per hectare.
Potato variety "Giant"
Arizona Potato Variety
Potato variety "Artemis"
Potato variety “Bryansk novelty”
Potato variety "Bernina"
Choosing one of the described varieties of potatoes, you can count on a generous harvest in the fall.
Best varieties for pest and disease resistance
There are varieties characterized by resistance to various pests and diseases:
- To late blight, which occurs under the influence of fungal microorganisms, are less susceptible compared to other varieties Udacha, Snow White, Korona, Lady Rosetta, Romano, Estima.
- Such varieties as Zhukovsky early, Fresco, Bryansk early, Pushkinets, Belorussky 3, Ilyinsky, Aspia show resistance to potato cancer.
- Potato varieties such as Temp, Bryanskaya Novaya, Snow White, Zarevo, Korona, Herta, Bronnitsky are resistant to common scab.
- Varieties of Prigogy 2, Dorisa, Sante, Agria are resistant to the potato nematode.
- Prior, Andr, Svatov, Liban, Chernatitsa are resistant to viruses.
When choosing a variety of potato resistant to disease, you should pay attention to the soil in which it can grow.
The best varieties by maturity
Depending on the ripening period, the following varieties of potatoes are distinguished:
- early ripening (harvest is obtained after 70-80 days);
- medium early (potatoes ready for harvest in 80-90 days);
- mid-ripening (ripening lasts 90-100 days);
- medium-late (potato harvest is harvested after 100-120 days);
- late ripening varieties (potatoes are harvested after 120-140 days).
The best varieties of early ripening species include the following:
- Early Bryansk. The ripening period is 60-70 days. Potatoes of this variety have a good taste. It is suitable for baking, frying, salads. The percentage of keeping quality is 93%. Early Bryansk tolerates hot weather, is immune to many diseases.
- Uladar. The ripening of potatoes of this variety takes only 45 days. Tubers are unpretentious to the type of soil, stored for a long time.
- Ariel Potatoes of this variety ripen before there is a threat of infection with late blight. Tuber ripening lasts 45-50 days. Thanks to such record-fast periods for the summer-autumn period, 2-3 crops can be harvested.
- Red Sonya. This variety ripens in 50-65 days. It can be grown on any soil and in any climatic conditions. The variety Red Sonya is resistant to viruses and a nematode; it shows medium resistance to late blight and common scab.
- Jewel. The ripening period is 50-65 days. It tolerates a period of drought, can produce two crops per season. Juvel adapted to any soil and climate, resistant to cancer and potato nematodes. It has a mediocre taste, suitable for boiling and frying.
- Gulliver. Ripening time is up to 60-70 days. Immune to most common diseases, has good taste. Gulliver potatoes are well stored.
variety Early Bryansk
grade Uladar
variety Ariel
variety Red Sonya
grade Jewel
grade Gulliver
Famous mid-season potato varieties include:
- Queen Anne. Maturing term - 80-85 days. This is a mid-early variety that gives a good harvest - up to 457 centners per hectare. Potato Queen Anna has a good taste, is characterized by a high rate of keeping quality. When transporting tubers do not deteriorate, do not lose their presentation.
- Romano The specified variety gives a crop of delicious root vegetables, which are suitable for preparing any dishes. The ripening period is 65-80 days. The vegetable has a good taste, is well stored and transported thanks to a dense peel.
- Laura. This is a medium early red potato variety. The ripening period is 70-80 days. It gives up to 510 centners per hectare. Laura potatoes have a pleasant taste, suitable for cooking, frying, cooking salads, as well as french fries and chips.
- Openwork. Potatoes of this variety are medium early. The tubers are beautiful, oval. The ripening period is 70-85 days, although the first digging is already possible for 45 days.
variety Queen Anna
Variety Romano
variety Laura
variety Openwork
The latest types of potatoes that are especially popular are:
- Melody. Medium-late variety, which is suitable for preparing any dishes. The ripening period is 115-120 days. The variety is resistant to most diseases affecting this crop. Potato Melody is well preserved.
- Ivan da Marya. It can be grown in different climatic zones. The ripening period is from 120 to 150 days. It has a good taste, suitable for preparing any dishes. In the dry season, potatoes of this variety necessarily need watering, otherwise the bush dries.
- Picasso. The variety is resistant to high temperatures and drought. Ripening time is 110-130 days. In addition to excellent taste, this type of potato is characterized by good productivity: you can get from 200 to 500 centners of potato per hectare. Keeping quality is 90%.
- Manifesto. It is a medium-late variety of vegetables. After ripening, they get a lot of tubers, potatoes are well stored, suitable for preparing any dishes. Productivity per hectare is up to 737 centners. The ripening period is 90-110 days. The Manifesto variety is highly resistant to viral diseases, medium resistant to common scab and late blight.
Variety Melody
grade Ivan da Marya
Picasso variety
variety Manifesto
A wide selection of potato varieties will allow you to choose the best one to get a good harvest for the required period.
The best varieties by shelf life
The possible shelf life of the crop is another valuable criterion for choosing a potato variety, since it is grown in large quantities so that the vegetable lasts for a long time - from autumn to spring.
For storage of tubers in the winter, potato varieties with late ripening are best suited. It:
- Crane. Tubers mature 130 days after planting. Potatoes of this kind have a good taste and, with proper organization of storage conditions, are used to prepare any first or second courses. During the winter period, Zhuravinka potatoes do not get sick or rot.
- Vesnyanka. This potato can be planted on any soil, as it grows and develops even in the absence of rain in the summer. She easily transfers storage in the winter.
- Asterix. This medium-late variety is suitable for frying, deep-frying, and the production of chips. The vegetable is stored for a long time, resistant to mechanical damage, transported over long distances without affecting the appearance of the tubers.
grade Zhuravinka
grade Vesnyanka
Asterix variety
But the right variety is not all. To ensure a long shelf life of potatoes, it is important to prepare in advance a well-ventilated room for the crop, in which the temperature will be maintained in the range from +5 to +6 degrees. Under these conditions, potatoes can be stored for six months.
If you store tubers at a temperature lower than +5 degrees, then they start the process of converting starch into sugar, and this affects the taste and negatively affects the appearance of potatoes.
In the cellar with a potato crop, it must be dry. Tubers must be placed in wooden containers.
Potato varieties are classified according to different criteria.You can choose a variety that will be the best option for a particular region in terms of yield, pest resistance, ripening, shelf life. Before choosing a specific variety, you need to determine the main selection criterion and build on it.